Development Timeline (Birth to 19 Years)

TDA 2. 1 (1. 1) DEVELOPMENTAL TIMELINE FROM make TO NINETEEN age The snip frames presented ar averages and just about children whitethorn achieve various gear upmental milestones earlier or later than average save still be within the normal range. give up TO 5 historic period Social, mad andBehavioural increment communion andIntellectual information strong-arm breeding(gross and fine motor) Birth 1 month Generalised tension. Helpless. A favorable (not social). Fed by mother. Feedings 5 8 per twenty-four hour period. kip 20 hours per day. arresting Capacities makes basic distinctions in vision, hearing, smelling and tasting, touch temperature and perceptual experience of pain. 2 months 3 months Distress. Smiles at a face. Visually fixates at a faceand smiles at it. whitethornbe soothed by rocking. Enjoys being cuddled. Expresses delight. Oral exploration cries, coos, grunts. Sensory Capacities colour perception visual exploration. Motor superpower control of mall heftinesss lifts head when on stomach. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural phylogenesis communication andIntellectual reading visible Development(gross and fine motor). 4 months 6 months Enjoys being cuddled. Recognises his mother. Distinguishes amongst familiar persons and strangers. No longer smiles indiscriminately. Expects feeding, dressing and bathing. Oral Exploration babbling makes most vowels and about half of the consonants, Sensory Capacities localises sounds. Motor dexterity control of head and arm movements purposive grasping, rolls over. 7 months 9 months limited emotional attachment to mother. Pro trial runs separation from mother. Enjoys peek-a-boo games. Motor Ability control of consistence and hands sits without support crawls about. 10 months 12 months Responsive to own name. Waves good-bye. Plays pat-a cake. Understands no Gives and takes objects. Affection. Anger. disquietude of strangersCuriosity & Exploration. Langua ge says one or devil words imitates sounds responds to uncomplicated commands. Feedings 3 meals per day, 2 snacks. Sleep 12 hours per day with2 naps. Motor Ability control of ramifications and feet stands creep apposition of thumb and fore-finger. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development natural Development(gross and fine motor). 1 year 11/2 years pendant behaviour. Very upset when separated from mother. Fear of the bath. Obeys limited commands. Interested in his mirror image. Language repeats a few words. Motor Ability creeps up stairs walks (10 20 minutes) makes lines on paper with crayon feeds himself. 11/2 years 2 years Temper tantrums (1 3 years). anger of a new baby. Does the opposite of what he is told (18 months). Language style of more than 200 words. Motor Ability runs kicks a ball builds a 6-cube hover (2 years) capable of bowel & bladder control. Sleep 12 hours at dark with1 2 hour naps 2 years 3 years Fear of separation. Negativistic (2 1/2 years). Violent tempers. Different facial expressions anger, sorrow and joy. instinct of humour wreaks tricks. Copies parents actions. Dependent, clinging. Possessive about toys. (continued overleaf) Language talks, uses I, me and you says words, phrases and simple sentences vocabulary of 272 words. Inability to make decisions. Motor Ability jumps off a whole step rides a tricycle uses crayons builds a 9-cube tower seats self on a chair uses a spoon and fork becoming autarkic in toileting turns pages singly. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 2 years 3 years(continued) Enjoys variation alongside another child. Resists parental demands. Gives orders. Rigid insistence on monotony of routine. Self-centred beginning of personal identity. Possessive. Often negative frustrated.More reactive to humour and dis traction. Solitary profligacy. Dependent on adult guidance. Plays with dolls. Little ideal of others as people. Socially very immature. whitethorn respond to simple direction. Enjoys music. . BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 3 years 4 years Knows if he is a boy or a girl. Enjoys brief group activities requiring no skill. Like to help in small ways. Self-sufficient in many an(prenominal) routines of home life. Affectionate towards parents.Pleasure in genital manipulation. combinet play with other children. Attends nursery school. Imitates parents. Romantic attachment to parent of opposite come alive (3 5 years). Jealousy of a comparable(p)-sex parent. speculative fears of dark, injury, and so on (3 5 years). Takes turns and likes to share. Beginning of acknowledgment with same-sex parents. Practises same-sex role activities. acuate curiosity and inter est in other childrens bodies. Imaginary friend. Uses we. Has a vocabulary of 896 words. Growth in communication. Tells simple stories. Uses words as tools of theme.Has a desire to understand to his environment. stinker answers questions. whitethorn recite a few nursery rhymes. . Motor Ability stands on one leg jumps up and down draws a circle and a cross (4 years) draws small-arm cuts with scissors (not well) domiciliate wash and dry face throws ball overhand. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 4 years 5 years Highly Cooperative play. Highly social has special friends. Highly organised (5 years). May play loosely organised games (e. g. ag hop scotch). Enjoys simple table games requiring turns and find rules. Talkative. Versatile. Responsibility and guilt. Feels pride. Prefers to play with other children. Becomes competitive. Prefers sex-appropriate activities. Highly imaginative. Dramatic. Self-assured. Stable and well-adjusted. Home centred likes to concern with mother. Capable of some self-criticism. Enjoys responsibility. Like to follow rules. Interest in environment, town, city, shops, etceteratera Talks clearly. Uses adult speech soundsHas mastered basic grammar. Asks endless questions. nurture to generalise.Tells long tales. Reads own name. Counts to 10. Asks meaning of words. Knows colours. Beginning to know the difference between fact and fiction. Has the ability to tell lies. Knows over 2000 words (5 years). Motor Ability hops and skips mature motor control, skips good balance smoother muscle action skates rides a bicycle (with stabilisers) broad jumps, dresses without help, copies a square and a triangle can draw recognisable simple objects handedness open ties shoes, girls small muscle development about 1 year frontwards of boys. 6 YEARS TO 10 YEARSSocial, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntelle ctual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). Starts spending more time in school and with peers than with family. Has friends that are primarily the same sex. Accepts responsibility for their actions. Express concerns for the wellbeing of others. Personality and humour develops. provide decentre (realizes others have ideas and feelings that are not the same as theirs). Attention levels sum up can inhibit impulsive behaviour. Has greater emotional control. Play obtains sophisticated and increasingly symbolic.Playing a doughnut or group (organised sports and games). Spends more time and concentration on person interests (books, music, computer games, constructing models. Tastes and skills are almost defined (pre-teen). Demonstrates relativism (they can be violate and that theirs, and others, thoughts and feelings do not affect reality). Strongly influenced by friends. Evidence of arranged and organised thought. Demonstrates deductive reasoning. Understands t he concepts of right and wrong. Speed and efficiency of thought increases. lot relate involved accounts of events. Complex and compound sentences easily used. however a few lapses in grammatical constrictions (tense, pronouns, plurals). All speech sounds are established. Reading and writing with considerable ease. Plays challenging games and puzzles that test knowledge and physicality. Can classify one object in more than one way. Can carry on a conversation at an adult level. Learns to join their letters and can decipher other joined-up writing. Doodles and sketches becoming more naturalistic. Can follow (fairly) complex instructions with little repetition. Starts to question unknown concepts (eg. death, birth, etc. ). Able to set and achieve goals.Reads for pleasure (8+ years). Can tell the time (7+ years). Motor Ability movement is smoothand coordinated can ride a bicycle without stabilisers plays challenging games to test physicalityContinues to grow steadily in saddle and h eight. Body proportions starting to look less childlike and more like those of an adult. Exhibits high levels of energy. Puberty may begin (as young as 9). Periods may begin (as young as 8). Sleep 10 hours per day. 10 YEARS TO 14 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 13 geezerhoodMay act in destructive ways slamming doors stamping feet. May become overly sensitive and easily offended. May begin dabbling in serious behaviour self harm smoking cigarettes drinking alcoholic drink taking drugs having sex). Peer pressure has the most influence. Interested in try-on in and being the same as their peers. Relationships can become complex and intense not speaking to others enjoy fighting/making up. May have large shifts in social circles may withdraw and nullify their peers or choose to stick with their friends, no matter what.Prefers to be social than tend to school- put to work or ot her responsibilities. Silliness can rule can have a twisted sense of humour. May push absent from their parents to spend more time with friends. Cliques and tight-knit groups can form. Between 12 and 14 years, both sexes become very aware of their sexuality and that of others. qu favourable of developing too fast or too slowly. A helping hand style develops. More abstract thought, incorporates principles of formal logic. Thinking becomes less trussed to concrete reality. Formal logical systems can be acquired. Can direct proportions, algebraic manipulation.Evidence of organised, logical thought. Capable of concrete problem solving. growing ability to see the consequences of their actions. More able to think like adults, but not the judgement and experience. Arguing skills improve (passionate). Reasoning skills improve applies concepts to circumstantial examples. Can construct hypothetical solutions to problems and measure out. Focus on the future develops. Recognises pra ctise and effect (present/future events). Sets personal goals. Decision-making skills improve. Learns to distinguish fact from opinion. Can evaluate credibility of various sources of information.May challenge adults assumptions and solutions. GirlsOnset of puberty (11 years). catamenia begins (121/2 years but sometimes earlier). Breasts begin to grow and develop (breast buds). BoysGrowth spurts, clumsiness and lack or coordination. Hormonal mood swings in boys and girls moody, depressed, surly and rebellious acutely interested in the opposite sex. magnanimous teeth in place (by 13 years). Special gifts and talents emerge (sports, artistic, mental, etc. ). 13 days GirlsGrowth in height continues, but a slower pace (adult height reached by 16 or 17 years).Breast development continues. Growth of pubic and under-arm hair. Body shape changes (hips, fatty deposits buttocks, legs, stomach). Periods become regular. Pregnancy becomes possible. 10 YEARS TO 14 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 13 Years (continued)Evidence of teen rebellion. Early risk taking behaviour could increase in difficulty and occur with other risky behaviours. Eager to depone their independence. Negative and positive peer pressure friends classmates.Three possible major health problems include eating disorders depression substance abuse. 13 Years (continued)BoysRapid growth in height and weight. Muscles fill out potence increases. Pubic and under arm hair appears and thickensBody hair increases. Voice deepens. Penis, scrotum and testes enlarge. interpolation and nocturnal emissions occur. Boys and GirlsAlways hungry. Sleep patterns alter dramatically. Oily skin and acne may occur). Sweating increases. Rapid growth causes clumsiness and lack of coordination. Sexual desires and fantasies increase. 14 YEARS TO 19 YEARSSocial, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andI ntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 14 YearsUncertain, unhappy and sensitive. Withdrawn spends time simply needs privacy. Can be neurotic (convinced that everyone is watching and judging). Low self-confidence very concerned with body image and appearance (physical sexual). May eliminate to sociable with adults. Self-involved (may have high expectations and low self-concept). 15 YearsGenerally easy going happy. Recognises own strengths and weaknesses. Is critical of others, specially parents. Likes to be busy with extracurricular activities. Large and varied social circle friends of both sexes. Anxious to be liked and accepted. Strong interest in opposite sex. Can be quarrelsome and wont communicate. Desires independence from familyRelationships with siblings better than with parents. May have one or two best friends. Dating and romantic relationships may be commonplace. 14 YEARS TO 19 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Commu nication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 16+ YearsRelationship with family becomes easier more caring. Self-assured with sense of self. Views parents as people, not the bosses. Friendships are very important both sexes shared interests. Intense romantic relationships. May have anxiety over school and test scores. Interest in school increases or decreases. Seeks privacy and time alone. May complain that parents prevent independence. Starts to integrate both physical and emotional meanness into relationships. Is increasingly aware of social behaviours of friends. Seeks friends that share similar beliefs values interests.Friends become more important. Starts to have more intellectual interests. Egocentrism develops in some teenager. 16+ YearsBecomes better able to set goals and think in name of the future. Has a better understanding of complex interrelationships of problems and issues. Starts to develop moral ideals and to demand role models . Cognitive maturity developsComponential intelligence ability to use interior information-processing strategies in problem solving,Metacognition awareness of ones cognitive processes (vital in problem solving).existential intelligence able to transfer learning effectively to new skills. contextual intelligence ability to apply intelligence in a hardheaded context. Tacit knowledge savvy or street wise (to work the system to ones advantage). 16+ YearsGirlsMost have completed the physical changes related to puberty by 15 years. BoysStill maturingGaining strength and muscle throng height. Completing development of sexual traits. The brain is fully developed by 19+ years.