Stress pshcyology

A method of managing sieve is hardiness training developed by kobasa in 1979 here this method works by assessing peoples aims of hardiness then fling them a series of increasing that hardiness here they try to depart the way the person appraises the threat level of the stressor and their ability to cope with it.(ii) delimit i limitation of this method. (3 marks)A limitation to this method is that it takes a push-down store of time and money and you have to show a high level of commit ment to the process.(b) Describe the procedures and findings of one study of the workplace as a source of stress. (6 marks)Johansson (1978) took two groups of workers at a Swedish saw mill, one was a group of 14 finishers this job was repetitive and isolated however very highly skilled. The other group were the low risk of 10 cleaners whose work was more varied and largely self paced they were alike wholeowed to socialize more with the other workers.To find turn out the stress levels Johansson record levels of stress hormones on work days and rest days, he make up that the high risk group of finishers secreted more stress related hormones on work days than on rest days and higher levels than that of those in the control group of cleaners, the finishers also showed more signs of stress related symptoms e.g. Headaches and a higher case of absenteeism than that of the cleaners.(c) Discuss research into the relationship between stress and cardiovascular disorders.(18 marks)There have been many studies undertaking research into the coefficient of correlation between cardiovascular disorders and stress.Friedman and Rosenman undertook a study into coronary heart infirmity (CHD) in 1959, their hypothesis was that patients who displayed subject A behaviour who fitted into the group that had a pattern of impatience, competitiveness and hostility where more apparent to get CHD than those who fitted into the grapheme B group these displayed a pattern of being laid tail end and relaxed.Friedman and Rosenman took a taste of 3000 males from California, USA aged between 39 and 59, who were rosy-cheeked at the start of the study, they established which personality group the take fitted into with a series of questions put forward in an interview.Friedman and Rosenman set up that afterwards eight and a half years 257 men in the have were diagnosed with CHD and that of this group 70% had been previously classed as a type A personality. They also found hat type As had a higher level of cholesterol and that twice as many men in the type A group had died compared to the type B group.Friedman and Rosenman cerebrate that Type A personality is more likely to be associated with CHD. Be pee type A is also linked to other factors that cause CHD, such as smoking (which we now know can cause CHD), it is not certain(a) if type A is a direct or indirect cause of CHD.Cirtisms of this study include that it is an extremely biased sample, with the sample being all males from California this means it lacks population validity.It is also critised due to the fact that it is not know whether CHD is brought on souly from the type of personality you are as Friedman and Rosenman cogitate there were a series of extraneous variables that could not be controlled in this study i.e. smoking.It is classed as over simplistic with the sample being classed as one or the other as there are scarce two choices.Positive critisms of this study include that it has a large sample at 3000 males and that it was a longditudinal study running for 8 1/2 years.Other studies that back up friedman and Rosenman into stress and the effect on the cardiovascular system are that of Williams who conducted a study on 13000 people, he got the sample to fill in a questionnaire which consisted of 10 questions and placed them on an resentment scale. He found that six years later of the 13000 sampled he found 256 had experienced a heart attack and that those who scored most highly on th e anger scale were nearly three times more likely to experience one. This study has good time validity as it was carried out in 2000.